VOLCANISM
TRACES IN MOUNTAIN CRIMEA PALEOGENÅ DEPOSITS
(in
accordance with mineralogical investigations results)
Ivan
Franko National University of Lviv.
Some
results of the silicates from Mountain Crimea Paleogene deposits investigations
on the base of X-ray analysis have been elucidated. Clayey fractions from
carbonate rocks as was ascertained have smectite composition with admixture of
the hydromica and zeolite from clinoptilolite–heulandite group as well as
chlorite, quartz, feldspars and calcite. Electromagnetic sandy fractions
contain glauconite and vermiculite. Smectite, zeolites, glauconite and
vermiculite are products of the pyroclastic materials halmyrolysis transported
into Crimea Paleogene sedimentary basin.
Key words: Paleogene
deposits, Mountain Crimea, volcanic ash, halmyrolysis, smectite, zeolite,
glauconite, vermiculite.
layered structure
under increasing pulse pressure
M.M. Khomyak, L.M. Khomyak
Ivan
Franko National University of Lviv.
During investigations of different classes
geological structures great attention is payed to renovation of stress fields
in time, which can be conducted for today with the help of mathematical modelling
and computer simulation. Presented study is dedicated to definition of the
stress-strain state in a collision zone of sedimentary layers and more rigid
massif at unilateral pressure. The mechanisms of an elasto-plastic deformation
and creeps are taken into account within the framework of complete mechanical
contact of layers and their joint sliding along bases. Peculiarities of stress
and deformation fields distribution in cross section were analyzed. Particularly,
the reference zones of concentration of shearing stresses in competent layers,
and also tension zones in the lock layer and on flanks of dominant fold are
detected. The adequacy of main effects of probed model to an actual situation
in geosyncline belts enables to tender it as a baseline for revision and research
of folding processes.
Key words: geological structure, computer
simulation, stress, strain, folding, dynamic regime, creep.
THE FUNDAMENTAL PHYSICAL PROBLEMS FOR INVERSE METHODS
IN GEOPHYSICS
Ivan
Franko National University of Lviv.
A discussion of methodologies for nonlinear geophysical
inverse problems is presented. A new class of methods is presented which offers
potential in both the optimization and the error analysis stage of the inversion.
We argue that without more systematic and realistic error and resolution analysis,
interpretations might be misleading. Assuming a steady increase of data quality
and coverage, the most challenging aspect of seismic tomography will be to
take the nonlinearity of the problem fully into account. It is hoped that
this contribution stimulates some discussion in that direction.
Êey words: inverse problem, nonlineary, modeling,
geophysics, axial tomography.
V.V. Fourman, Yu.R. Datsyuk, M.M. Khomyak, L.M. Khomyak
Ivan
Franko National University of Lviv.
Modern geophysical methods review has been given. currently,
the tools used to examine the near-surface environment, including a variety
of noninvasive methods employing electrical, electromagnetic, or mechanical
energy sources, along with passive techniques that measure the physical parameters
of the earth. Significant results are achieved by combining geophysical methods
of exploration and modern computer basics. Novel nondestructive 3d mapping
technique – computer axial tomography is reviewed in details.
Key words: geophysics,
tomography, radiolocation, nuclear magnetic resonance.
STRUCTURAL PECULIARITIES
CORRELATION OF THE GNEISS-MIGMATITE AND GREENSTONE COMPLEXES IN THE BALTIC
AND
UKRAINIAN SHIELDS
Ukrainian
State Geological Research Institute,
Avtozavodska st. 78, 04114 Kyiv, Ukraine.
1Ivan Franko National University of Lviv.
Unconcordant
structural plans of the folded formations within Ukrainian and Baltic
shields gneiss-migmatite basement and green-stone complexes testify the existence
of two tectonic cycles corresponding to these complexes time formation. Some
folding stages (F1,F2) are characteristic for basement
complexes. The last (F2) is connected with rearrangement of the
initial (F1) folding forms presented by compressed isocline folds
under influence of the superposition of the folding connected with greenstone
complex development.
Key words: gneiss-migmatite basement, greenstone
structure, structural-geometric analysis, fold, Ukrainian shield, Baltic
shield.
GEOCHEMICAL AND HYDROGEOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES OF CHERVONOGRAD MINING REGION
H.Ì. Buchatska
Ivan
Franko National University of Lviv.
The article
deals with geological and hydrogeological conditions of Chervonograd mining
region, man-caused changes of geological environment, which are ariased from
coal mine, hydrogeochemical peculiarities of this region, the main source of soil and
groundwater pollution are revealed.
The deposites
of Buzhany measure, being the source of industrial mining, determine the
chemical composition of polluted soils and groundwater. The toxical elements
Pb, Zn, Be, P, Ni, Mo, Cu, Mn, Ba, Sr etc forming the pollution fields in
soils, which are strongly connected with location of mine waste banks.
Key words: Chervonograd mining region, waste
bank, flotation and gravitation waste, water horizon, deep water of high
mineralization.
LITOLOGICAL
AND STRUCTURAL ASPECTS OF YAMNENSKA SUITE
(exotic formations of the Ukrainian Carpathians)
M.I. Bogdanova, L.V. Generalova
Ivan Franko National University of
Lviv
The
yamnenska suite rocks are regarded as gravitytes in lithodynamic aspect. They
were formed near the flexure-fault zone of passivå Eastern-European platform`s margin. These rocks are
highcompetent by their tectonophysical parameters. The yamnenska suite forms a
part of nappes “Parashka” and “Zelemyanka”. In the region of the Opor river the
dislocation structures of this suite are different in front and back parts of
above mentioned nappes. In the frontal part the dislocations of structure
paragenesis belong to upthrow fault; in the back part – to fault and
straike-slip fault. This difference depends on the degree of cycle elements
Bouma spreading in the frontal and back parts of the yamnenskaya suite area. As
a result of stress, the pelitomorphic elements of Bouma cycle were not widespread
in frontal part, while under strain conditions of the back harts they were
widely spread. Dynamokinematic regime of yamnenska suite establishing had a
character of local gaping fault, that
was appearing on the phone of Paleocene
relaction of general stress field.
Key words: structure
paragenesis, yamnenska seriers, fault, straike-slip fault, upthrow fault,
imbricate structures, nappe, Carpathians.
PECULIARITIES OF THE VISEAN TERRIGENOUS ROCKS DISTRIBUTION
IN THE LVIV-VOLYN’ BASIN
A.V. Ivanina, L.V. Gavrylets’1, O.G. Stokhmans’ka1
Ivan
Franko National University of Lviv.
1Lviv
branch of UkrSGRI, Mitskevitch sq., 8, 79000, Lviv, Ukraine
Distribution peculiarities of the
Visean terrigenous rocks of the Lviv-Volyn’ basin were determined by
lithological, facial and structural studying. Alluvial and off-shore-marine
terrigenous beds of 30 m thickness are placed at two stratigraphic levels –
over limestones V0 and V3. Zones with high content of
terrigenous rocks (over 30 %) occupy central small isolate plots which coincide
with the zones of moderate thickness and bedding.
Key words: terrigenous
coefficient, Visean, Lviv-Volyn’ basin.
TECTONIC
STRUCTURE OF THE MIDDLE-DNIEPRIAN GRANITE-GREENSTONE REGION OF THE UKRAINIAN
SHIELD
A.Ì. Lysak, V.G. Pashchenko1
Lviv Branch of the Ukrainian State
Geological Research Institute
Mitskevych st., 8, 79000 Lviv, Ukraine.
1Ivan Franko National University of Lviv.
Hrushevskij st. 4, UA -
79005 Lviv. Å-mail: zaggeol@franko.lviv.ua
The different points of view on the tectonic structure
of the Middle-Dnieprian granite-greenstone region have been analyzed. It has
been shown that the main features of the region structure do not correspond to
the traditional “submeridional belt” tectonic model. The Middle-Dnieprian
region consists of three first rank blocks (from N to S) - Dnieprian,
Zaporiz’kyi and Vasylivs’kyi. The tectonic zones wich divide these blocks, have
diagonal position to the submeridional region’s borders. The inner structure of
the blocks depends on the second rank tectonic zones, which emerged during the
Last Archean greenstone stage and divided the greenstone belt’s basement into
polygonal polygenetic gneiss-granitoid antiform structures, Ukrainian shield.
Key words: structural-formational area,
structural-formational complex, formation, structural stage, synform, antiform,
block, tectonic zone.
THERMOELECTRIC
PROPERTIES OF PYRITE FROM THE DEPOSITS LOSTUN (CHYVCHYNSKY) AND TUKALO (RAKHIVSKY,
REGION)
V.P. Marusyak, T.P. Olijnyk, S.I. Tsikhon`, I.V. Popivnyak
Ivan
Franko National University of Lviv.
Thermoelectric properties of different generations of
pyrite from the deposites Lostun (Chyvshynsky ore region) and Tukalo (Rakhivsky
ore region) have been investigated. The level of supra-ore erosion of the
investigated deposit have been resolved.
Key
words: minerals-semiconductors,
thermoelectric motive power, thermoelectrical conductivity, sulphides, pyrite, typomorphism
of minerals, gold.
A.O. Sivoronov, V.I. Pavlov, L.V. Generalova, P.M. Bilonizhka
Ivan
Franko National University of Lviv.
The article is honoured to memory of
D.P. Rezvoy – the outstanding geologist-tectonist, the researcher of Asia and
talented teacher.
THE I-TYPE VOLCANO-PLUTONIC
ASSOCIATIONS AND THEIR GEODYNAMIC POSITION IN THE STRUCTURE OF THE EAST-EUROPEAN
PLATFORM`S BASEMENT SOUTH PART
K.I. Sveshnikov, A.V. Buchyns’ka1
Ivan Franko National University of Lviv.
Hrushevskij st. 4, UA -
79005 Lviv. Å-mail: sveshn@.franko.lviv.ua
1Institute of Geology and Geochemistry of Combustible
Minerals,
Naukova st. 3à, 79053 Lviv, Ukraine
The Early Precambrian I-type volcano-plutonic
associations (series from basalts to rhyolites where subalkaline intermediate rocks prevail) form 3 different belts in
the south part of the East-European platform. These belts are located along the
borders of the Voronezh-Ukrainian geoblok (Sarmatia) and are similar by their
age and composition. It allows to join them in an integral structur -
volcano-plutonic superbelt which origin was connected with the collision
between Early Proterozoic cratons.
Key words: East-European platform basement,
geoblock, volcano-plutonic association, Proterozoic I-type granitoids,
collisional superbelt.
STRUCTRAL PECULIARITIES OF THE DONETS`K BASIN IN CONNECTION WITH GAS BEARING
R.M. Smishko
Ivan
Franko National University of Lviv.
The
initiation of the forming of Donets`k basin structure as a part
Prypiats`ko-Dniprovo-Donets`k aulakogen is connected with middle Devonian when
within Sarmatian shield convex crown the system of deep faults with NW strikes
had been developed. The aulakogen developed on the basement of
Archean-Proterozoic consolidation. Peculiarity of tectonic dislocations of
Donets`k basin is that shear zones are of great importance in forming. These
shear zones reflect basement blocks movements and contemporaneously development
of small forms of tectonic dislocations in sedimentary layers. Fault
dislocations form the permeability zones through which deep gases migrate into
subsurface parts of the crust.
Methane
and nitrogen are the main components of gas compounds coal-bearing deposits of
Donets`k basin. The character of the position and distribution of nitrogen suggest
that it can be consider as an indicator of influx of deep gases namely
genetically connected with subcrust matter (zone of upper mantle).
Key words: Donets`k
basin, deep fault, gases, methane, nitrogen.
MANGANESE
AND ARID LITHOGENESIS
V.O. Khmelivsky
Ivan
Franko National University of Lviv.
Comparative analysis of the lithology, mineralogy,
geochemistry and genesis of the two main manganese deposits connected with arid
lithogenesis (Burshtyn, Ukraine and Ulutelyakh, Bashkyria, Preural region, Russia) has been conducted. A lot of
common features as well as some differences between these deposits has been
determined. Conclusion about existence
of the separate arid and semi-arid gypsum-carbonate manganese-bearing
formation of Ulutelyakh type can be done.
Key words: Burshtyn
and Ulutelyakh manganese deposits, Precarpathian and Pre-Ural foredeeps, arid
lithogenesis, manganese-bearing clayey-carbonate rhythmolites, carbonate and
oxidized manganese ores, manganocalcite, rhodochrosite, dolomite, rancieit,
birnosite, todorokite, vernadite, gypsum-anhydrites, manganese-bearing
formations.
KIROVOHRAD
PROTON – THE POTENTIALLY DIAMOND-BEARING STRUCTURE IN THE UKRAINIAN SHIELD
G.Ì. Yatsenko1, Î.Ì. Bratchouk2,
Ye.Ì. Slyvko1, V.G. Yatsenko3, À.². Rosykhina1,
Î.V. Gayovs’kyi1
1Ivan
Franko National University of Lviv.
2Branch of the National J-SC “Nadra
Ukrainy”. Chkalova St. 13, UA – 18011 Cherkasy
3Institute of Environmental Geochemistry of NASU. Palladina Av. 34, UA –
03680 Kyiv
In the Ukrainian kraton the blocks (archons) are known
perspective on diamonds searches – Azovo-Nyzhnyodniprovs’kyi and Podil’s’ko-Bilotserkivs’kyi.
However newest data testify, that not less interesting the protons are Low
Proterozoic protoplatform structures – protons: Kirovohrad with adjoined Kryvyi
Rih trough and Volynsk. On the example of the Kirovohrad proton is shown,
that they contain potentially diamond-bearing structures and formations not
only of almost all known types, but also diamond-bearing objects of a new
type (Rivne field etc.).
Key words: proton, diamond, minerageny, structure,
formation, kimberlite, lamproite, rivnenskite, prospecting, Ukrainian
shield.
PROBLEM OF THE STRATIGRAPHIC
CORRELATION BETWEEN KINZIGITE AND ENDERBITE-GNESSIC SUPERCRUSTAL FORMATIONS
IN THE WESTERN PART OF THE UKRAINIAN SHIELD
(history and state of the problem)
V.Ð. Kiriliuk, O.². Inozemtsev
Ivan
Franko National University of Lviv.
The problem of age correlation between kinzigite and
enderbite-gnessic formations and their stratigraphic
analogues exists more than 30 years. All main works on the problem from the
time of the distinguishing this
formation till our time have been examined. It was showed that geological
data surely prove the most ancient stratigraphicage
of the kinzigite formation in the
western part of the Ukrainian shield.
It is necessary to revise the results of the isotopic-geochronological studies
and co-ordinate them with geological
data.
Key words: Archean, supercrustal formations, stratigraphy, granite-metamorphic
complexes, plutono-metamorphic
associations, isotopic geochronology, Ukrainian
shield.
NEW DATA ABOUT THE COPPER MINERALIZATION FROM CARPATHIAN
FLYSCH SKYBOVA ZONE
V.O. Khmelivski, Î.V. Kostyuk, À.À. Ìazur, ².P. Mudryk
Ivan
Franko National University of Lviv.
The article
deals with the questions of geochemistry of copper deposits in Ukrainian Carpathian
Skybova zone. The main object of investigation is variegated – color deposits
of Yaremchanska system. This system
can be divided into 3 to 5 parts. Some of them are clayey deposits, sandstones,
conglomerates.
The problem under discussion is the biogenical influence
on the copper deposits formation. But here there will be some problems, because
this question has not been given enough attention too. Our hypothesis is that
blood system of some Mollusk which contains haemocyanins is serves for formation
of new concentrations copper.
Key words: haemocyanin, Yaremchanska system,
Ukrainian Carpathian Skybova zone.
PECULIARITIES
OF THE METALLOGENY EVOLUTION IN THE EARLY PRECAMBRIAN
Ivan
Franko National University of Lviv.
1Ukrainian State Geological Research Institute, Avtozavods’ka st.78, 04114
Kyiv, Ukraine
An analysis
of the ore formations evolution in the Early Precambrian has been carried
out. Metallogenic specialization of the structural-formational complexes on
the boundary of AR1–AR2; AR2–PR1,
PR1–PR2 as was ascertained is different.
Key words: Early Precambrian,
ore formations evolution, structural-geological complex, metallogeny.